Episodes of Regime Transformation (ERT, V-Dem)政体转型事件数据集 (ERT, V-Dem)

The Episodes of Regime Transformation (ERT) dataset identifies distinct episodes of democratization and autocratization across 177 countries from 1900 to the present, built on V-Dem's continuous democracy indices. Each country-year row records the current regime type (closed autocracy, electoral autocracy, electoral democracy, or liberal democracy), the Electoral Democracy Index, and episode-level markers for ongoing democratic or autocratic episodes.

Episode attributes include start/end years, how the episode terminated, and its outcome — making ERT the standard source for studying waves of democratization and democratic backsliding.

政体转型事件数据集（ERT）基于 V-Dem 连续民主指数，识别了 1900 年至今 177 个国家的民主化和威权化事件。每个国家-年份记录当前的政体类型（封闭威权、选举威权、选举民主或自由民主）、选举民主指数，以及正在进行的民主或威权事件标记。

事件属性包括起止年份、终结方式及结果，使 ERT 成为研究民主化浪潮与民主倒退的标准数据源。