Varieties of Democracy (V-Dem) Democracy Indices, v16V-Dem 民主指数 (v2x, v16)
Overview数据概览
The Varieties of Democracy (V-Dem) Project provides one of the largest datasets on democracy, coding countries from 1789 to 2025 along multiple principles of democracy. This panel extracts five high-level indices, each scaled 0–1: electoral democracy (v2x_polyarchy), liberal democracy (v2x_libdem), participatory democracy (v2x_partipdem), deliberative democracy (v2x_delibdem), and egalitarian democracy (v2x_egaldem). Each row is a country-year observation. The panel retains 176 modern polities; historical states without a modern ISO3 (e.g., pre-unification German/Italian states, Papal States) are excluded so it joins cleanly to the world map.
V-Dem（民主多样性）项目提供了规模最大的民主测量数据集之一，对各国 1789–2025 年按多种民主原则进行编码。本面板提取 5 个高阶民主指数（取值均在 0–1 之间）：选举民主 (v2x_polyarchy)、自由民主 (v2x_libdem)、参与式民主 (v2x_partipdem)、协商民主 (v2x_delibdem)、平等主义民主 (v2x_egaldem)。每行代表一个国家—年。本面板保留 176 个现代政体；无现代 ISO3 的历史政体（如德意志/意大利统一前的各邦国、教宗国）已剔除，以保证面板能干净地与世界地图联接。
Source数据来源
Coppedge, M., Gerring, J., Knutsen, C. H., Lindberg, S. I., Teorell, J., et al. (V-Dem Institute) (2026)
https://v-dem.net/data/the-v-dem-dataset/License: Free for academic use; cite per V-Dem citation policy
Citation引用
Coppedge, Michael, John Gerring, Carl Henrik Knutsen, Staffan I. Lindberg, Jan Teorell, David Altman, Fabio Angiolillo, Michael Bernhard, Agnes Cornell, M. Steven Fish, Linnea Fox, Lisa Gastaldi, Haakon Gjerløw, Adam Glynn, Ana Good God, Allen Hicken, Katrin Kinzelbach, Joshua Krusell, Kyle L. Marquardt, Kelly McMann, Valeriya Mechkova, Juraj Medzihorsky, Anja Neundorf, Pamela Paxton, Daniel Pemstein, Josefine Pernes, Johannes von Römer, Brigitte Seim, Rachel Sigman, Svend-Erik Skaaning, Jeffrey Staton, Aksel Sundström, Marcus Tannenberg, Eitan Tzelgov, Yi-ting Wang, Tore Wig, Steven Wilson and Daniel Ziblatt. 2026. "V-Dem Country-Year Dataset v16" Varieties of Democracy (V-Dem) Project. https://doi.org/10.23696/vdemds26. And: Pemstein, Daniel, Kyle L. Marquardt, Eitan Tzelgov, Yi-ting Wang, Juraj Medzihorsky, Joshua Krusell, Farhad Miri, and Johannes von Römer. 2026. "The V-Dem Measurement Model: Latent Variable Analysis for Cross-National and Cross-Temporal Expert-Coded Data". V-Dem Working Paper No. 21. 11th edition. University of Gothenburg: Varieties of Democracy Institute.
Maintainer维护者
Wu Yanshu吴衍树
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