Temporary Trade Barriers Database (Bown / World Bank)临时贸易壁垒数据库 (Bown/世界银行)

The Temporary Trade Barriers Database (TTBD), maintained by Chad P. Bown at the World Bank, documents the use of 'contingent protection' measures—antidumping (AD), countervailing duties (CVD), and safeguards (SG)—across major WTO members from 1990 to 2013. Unlike permanent tariffs, these measures are applied on a product-specific, country-specific basis in response to alleged injury or dumping, and can be removed after investigation. The historical data series reports the annual stock of temporary trade barriers in force as a simple-average tariff-equivalent percentage, covering 34 importing countries.

This dataset is a core input for assessing trade protectionism risk: the TTB stock captures the accumulated protection burden facing exporters in a given market. Rising AD or CVD stocks signal heightened exposure to trade remedies, while safeguard measures indicate broader import-surge responses. Comparing across years and countries reveals which markets are most prone to deploying contingent trade restrictions.

临时贸易壁垒数据库（TTBD）由世界银行 Chad P. Bown 主持建立，系统记录主要 WTO 成员1990-2013 年使用的临时性贸易救济措施：反倾销（AD）、反补贴税（CVD）与保障措施（SG）。与永久关税不同，这些措施针对特定产品和出口国实施，经调查后可撤销。历史数据系列报告各年度在实施的临时贸易壁垒存量，以简单平均关税当量（%）表示，涵盖 34 个进口国。

本数据集是评估贸易保护主义风险的核心依据：TTB 存量体现出口企业进入目标市场所承受的累计保护负担；反倾销/反补贴税存量上升，表明出口产品遭受贸易救济措施的风险增大；保障措施的启动则反映更大范围的进口冲击应对。跨国跨年对比可识别哪些市场最易启动临时性贸易限制。